2014-12-17 16:30:06 来源:匿名 作者:无 浏览:1889次

QUESTIONS 1-5
1【答案】D
【解析】
题目类型
主旨题 “对话者在讨论什么？”
定位
Student
Yeah. But now, I see that I probably need to come up with a new paper topic. Actually,
there was one other idea I had. I have been thinking about doing something about
community planning in the early British settlements in Eastern North America.
设问处
转折处：But
强调处：Actually
分析
But 转折后出现重点，听到 Actually 等强调词应迅速提高注意力。学生跟教授说想换一个
论文主题，这是之前就想过的，是有关于北美东部的早期英国殖民地里的社区规划。对应 D
选项“学生想调查的有关殖民地的一个方面”，这个方面就是“社区规划”。
2【答案】B
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “教授对学生在建筑学上的兴趣有什么看法”
定位
Student
... But I think, you know, for a career, architecture is more for me.
Professor
That's great. l've gotten some very thought-provoking papers from students whose
interests go beyond history.
设问处
转折处：But
肯定语气处：That’s great
分析
But 转折后引出话题“建筑”，教授的回答持肯定态度，所以排除 A“...prevents her from
broadening...”和 D “suspect”. 教授随后用其他兴趣在历史学意外的学生写的“引人
深思的论文”来做个对照。意味着该生的建筑学兴趣同样可以帮助她写出吸引人的文章。
3【答案】D
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “教授想让学生们在写论文的时候做什么？”
定位
Professor
... But anyway... uh... development in the colonies differed greatly depending on
geography. I am looking for papers that have ideas about something that happened one
way in the Northern colonies happened a different way in the Southern colonies.
设问处
转折处：But
意愿语气处：I am looking for
分析
教授说“殖民地的发展根据地理差异呈不同的状态”，他希望看到有关“南北殖民地不同情
况的”论文。对应 D 选项“美国不同地区早期的差异”。
4【答案】C
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “为什么教授会提到中世纪欧洲？”
定位
Professor
... Actually, the model for planning a town in the northern colonies was not unlike the
model for the development of towns in medieval Europe. After all, the colonists had just
come from Europe and the medieval period was just ending.
设问处
强调处：Actually
否定（双重）：not + unlike = like
分析
教授说“实际上，在北部殖民地的建镇模式和中世纪欧洲城镇发展模式没什么不同”。对应
C 选项“社区规划风格延续到北部殖民地”。“followed by”表示前后相同。
5【答案】A
【解析】
题目类型
推断题 “教授会提到仓库和港口设施有什么意图？”
定位
Student
... In the South, at least initially, they didn't build towns so much as they built trading posts.
Professor
That's right. Most of the settlers in the North wanted to start a whole new life. But most of
the people who came from Europe to the South just wanted to make some money and
then go back. It is not surprising that some of most common buildings were storage
facilities and port facilities.
设问处
肯定语气处
否定处：But
否定（强调）：It is not surprising that 强调语气表肯定
分析
教授首先肯定了学生 “南方不建城镇而建交易站” ， But 后面作进一步解释， 也是结尾处 “仓
库和港口设施是最常见建筑”的原因。因为“大部分欧洲人到南方只是想要赚钱然后离开”。
到南方只为做贸易赚钱，需要的是仓库和港口，而不要规划城镇建设。所以仓库和港口是贸
易的代表，强调的是南方殖民地贸易的重要性，对应 A 选项。
TPO31- Lecture 1
QUESTIONS 6-11
6【答案】D.
The attitude of the ancient Greek toward music
【解析】
题目类型
主旨题 “讲座的主题是？”
定位
Well, today I want to start talking about western music and I am going to start in ancient
Greece. But, now here's the part that's different. We're not going to talk very much about
the actual music. Instead, we are going to talk about what the Greeks believed about
music.
设问处
转折处：But, Instead
分析
教授一开始在回顾往期的课程，But 转折后出现这次课程的重点，教授说“但现在这是不同
于其他的部分。我们并不准备讲真正的音乐本身，而是要来讨论希腊人对音乐的看法”对应
D 选项，“希腊人对音乐的态度或看法”。
7【答案】A\B
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “教授用他这种方式处理授课材料的两个原因是什么？”
定位
Now, there are some very good reasons to approach the material in this way. First, well,
we don't have very much ancient Greek music studied. Only about 45 pieces
survived...uh...these are mostly records of poems and songs. And we are not sure how
well we can reproduce the melodies or rhythms, because they were apparently
improvised in many cases. So we really don't know all that much about what the music
sounded like. What we do know about - and this really is the most important reason I am
approaching today's lecture the way I am - is the Greek philosophy about music and its
continuing influence on western attitudes toward music.
设问处
因果处：So
强调处：really, the most important
分析
“Now, there are some very good reasons to approach the material in this way.”
对应问题，紧接着出现第一个原因“First...”。只要听到表示结果词“So”之后的话： “对
于音乐究竟听起来是怎样的，我们的确不知道多少”就可判断选项 A“我们对希腊音乐听起
来是怎么样的了解不多”正确。
后文中“this really is the most important reason I am approaching today's lecture
the way I am”又对应了题目，接着是第二个解释：“希腊的音乐哲学以及它对西方音乐态
度的持续影响”。所以 B“希腊音乐哲学影响了西方的思想”也对。
8【答案】C
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “根据教授所说，古希腊人认为音乐是什么样的？”
定位
Um...and for the Greeks, the same mathematical principles that govern music also govern
the universe as well as the human character, the essence of personality.
分析
在否定了娱乐目的之后，教授把话题转到了数学定律上。教授说“对希腊人来说，支配着音
乐的数学原理同样也统治着宇宙和人性”。对应 C 选项“统治音乐和宇宙的定律一致”。
9【答案】A
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “根据教授所说，柏拉图对音乐的看法是？”
定位
For Plato, music is an important element in education, but only the right kind of music.
That means the kind of music that builds the kind of character a good citizen or a future
leader would need. Yes. For Plato, there is a kind of music that instills the qualities of
leadership, just as there is a kind of music that makes a person soft and weak.
设问处
转折处：But
强调处：Yes
分析
but 后强调柏拉图认为“只有合适的音乐才是教育的关键，什么样的音乐造就什么样的公民
和未来领袖”。Yes 后再强调柏拉图认为“有一种音乐可以灌输领导的品质”。对应 A 选项
“音乐有塑造社会未来领袖的力量”。
10【答案】A
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “教授为什么会提到摇滚乐？”
定位
Now, Plato has very specific, very conventional kinds of music in mind. He is not fond of
innovation. There were musicians in Plato's day who were experimenting with different
melodies and rhythms. A definite no - no for Plato. He thinks that breaking with tradition
leads to all sorts of social problems, serious problems, even the breakdown of the fabric of
society. I am thinking back now to when I first started listening to rock 'n' roll and I
remember my father saying it was a bad influence on us. I think he would have gotten
along well with Plato.
设问处
强调处：very, not, definite, no-no
举例处：musicians, my father
分析
教授指明了柏拉图对音乐的观点，那就是“传统的，不喜欢创新”，并举了其他音乐家的例
子。在柏拉图看来，他们的“节奏、旋律都是那么地与传统格格不入，还会引发各种问题”。
之后的摇滚乐也是一个类比， “父亲说摇滚乐对我们影响不好， 他就像当时的柏拉图一样 （认
为摇滚乐不合传统）”。故选 A“在古代和现代对音乐态度的中建立一个联系”。
11【答案】B
【解析】
题目类型
句子功能题 重听题
定位
（重听部分）
Anyway, I don't need to tell you what I think about Plato's ideas about innovation, do l?
设问处
强调处：否定 don’t need, 反问 do I?
分析
反问表达的是加强版的肯定语气，need 情态动词表示必要性。意思是“我的确没什么必要
再告诉你我对柏拉图关于创新的看法，对吗？”结合上文，教授已经很明确地表示柏拉图在
音乐上很传统，不喜欢创新，还结合了自己父亲的例子予以证明。所以他认为这个观点在学
生看来自然清晰明了，所以 D“他相信学生能推断出他的意思”。
TPO31- Lecture 2
y Geology t (Movement f of c Tectonic  Plates)
QUESTIONS 12-17
12【答案】C
【解析】
题目类型
主旨题 “讲座的主题是？”
定位
OK. Well, as studying the movement of the plates can tell us about the location of the
continents in the past, it can conceivably tell us about their location in the future too, right?
So, in recent years, some geologists have used plate tectonic theory to make what they
call geopredictions. Geopredictions are guesses about what Earth's surface might look
like millions of years from now.
设问处
设问处：...right?
因果处；So
定义处：geopredictions
分析
开篇时， 教授便告诉我们地球板块运动可以帮助我们了解大陆在过去的移动。 这为后文进入
主题做了铺垫。然后以一个问题：“板块运动可以帮我们预测大陆在未来的位置，对吗？”，
提起学生注意，引入主题。再用地理学家的一个定义“geopredictions”来确定所要讲的内
容：“关于地球表面在数百万年之后面貌的猜想”。对应 C“关于地球板块未来移动的一些
想法”。
13【答案】
Northward Westward
Africa √
Americas √
Australia √
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “教授指出，有些大陆目前在向北移动，有些则向西移动。辨别目前大陆移动的方
向”
定位
Professor
So, we know how certain continents are currently moving. For example, the continents of
Africa has been creeping north toward Europe. And Australia has been making its way
north too, toward Asia. Does anyone know what's happening to the Americas? l...l think
we've talked about that before. Lisa?
Student
They are moving westward, away from Europe and Africa. Right?
Professor
Right. And what makes us think then?
设问处
举例处：For example
新浪微博 @郑寒 Frank
http://weibo.com/u/3748166133
提问处：Does anyone know...
肯定回答处：Right
分析
教授在讲到大陆目前正在移动时举了个例子：“非洲大陆正缓慢地朝北向欧洲大陆移动， 澳
大利亚也正在朝北向亚洲移动”。之后提问学生美国的移动状况，学生答道“它们正在向西
移动，逐渐远离欧洲和非洲”。教授予以肯定。可归纳出非洲澳洲向北，美国向西。
14【答案】B
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “目前在大西洋发生了什么？”
定位
Student
The Atlantic Ocean floor is spreading and getting wider, so there is more ocean between
the Americas and Europe and Africa.
Professor
OK. And why is it spreading?
Student
Well, the seafloor is split. There is a ridge, a mountain range that runs north and south
there. And new rock material flows up from Earth's interior here, at the split, which forces
the two sides of the ocean floor to spread apart, to make room for the new rock material.
分析
学生说到大西洋海底扩张，教授便问其原因。学生解释道“新的岩石材料从地球内部浮出，
海底两侧便被迫扩张来给新的岩石材料留出位置” 。 因此 B “海底两侧之间正在形成新岩石”
正确。
15【答案】D
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “地质学家做了什么样的长期地质预测？”
定位
But what about over the long term? Say 250 million years or more. Well, over that length
of time, forecasts become more uncertain. But lots of geologists predict that eventually all
the continents, including Antarctica, will merge and become one giant land mass, a super
continent, one researchers calling Pangaea Ultima, which more or less means the last
super continent.
设问处
转折处：But
分析
前面讲短期，but 后转到“长期”。第二个 but 后提到地质学家预测的结果：“最终包括南
极洲在内的所有大陆都会合并成一个巨大的超级大洲”。对应 D“目前的大陆到最终会连接
在一起”。
16【答案】A
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “根据讨论，当大陆板块和大洋板块相撞时会发生什么？”
定位
Student
Yeah. Um... basically, a subduction zone is where two tectonic plates collide. So if an
ocean floor tectonic plate meets the edge of a continent and they push against each other,
the heavier one sinks down and goes under the other one. So the...um...the oceanic plate
is made of denser and heavier rock, so it begins to sink down under the continental plate
and into the mantle.
Professor
Right. So the ocean floor would kind of slide under the edge of the continent.
设问处
定义处：subduction zone
举例处：if
因果处：so
肯定回答处：right
分析
学生解释什么叫“俯冲带”，即“构造板块相撞的地方”。if 举例“如果海底板块和大陆
边缘相互挤压， 重的一方下沉到另一方底下。 因为海洋板块是由密度更大和更重的岩石构成
的，所以它便沉入大陆板块底下，进入地幔。”然后教授予以肯定。所以 A“海洋板块边缘
下移至地幔”正确。
17【答案】A
【解析】
题目类型
细节题 “教授讨论的两种假设之间重要的不同之处是？”
定位
Um... over the short term, we can predict that the Americas will continue to move
westward, farther away from Europe, while Africa and Australia will continue to move
northward.
... ...
If that happens, slab pull could draw the oceanic crust under the continent, actually
causing the Americas to move eastward toward Europe and the ocean floor to get smaller.
That is, the Atlantic Ocean would start to close up, narrowing the distance between the
eastern edge of the Americas and Europe and Africa. So they form a single super
continent.
设问处
前后观点联系
分析
本题跨度较大，考察前后两种主要假设的一种主要区别。第一种假设说“美国会继续向西移
动”，而第二种则假设“美国会向东移动”。因此 A“它们对美国大陆的移动方向做了不同
的预测”正确。

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